A solar inverter converts the DC (direct current) output from solar panels (or a battery bank) into AC (alternating current) electricity — the kind used by household appliances. 
Specifications
Input (DC) Voltage
12 V, 24 V, 48 V (depending on system design), or matching the battery or solar-panel bank output.
AC Output Voltage / Frequency
220–240 V AC (or 110–120 V depending on region), at 50 Hz or 60 Hz — to match local household voltage.
Rated (Continuous) Output Power
Varies depending on inverter size — from small (e.g. 1–3 kW) for small homes/off-grid setups, to larger (5 kW+) for bigger loads or commercial use.
Surge / Peak Power Capacity
Ability to handle temporary high-power draws (e.g. startup of a fridge or motor) — often significantly higher than rated continuous power.
Waveform Output
Pure sine wave (ideal for sensitive electronics, stable power); avoids risks associated with “modified sine wave” outputs.
Conversion / Inverter Efficiency
Good inverters typically 90–98% efficient: higher efficiency means less energy wasted in conversion.
MPPT (Solar Input) / Charge Controller (if included)
If part of a solar system: the inverter may include MPPT controller for solar panels, optimizing solar power harvest.
Safety / Protection Features
Overload protection, short-circuit protection, over/under-voltage protection, surge protection, grounding / fault protection.
Battery Compatibility (if used with battery)
Must match battery voltage (e.g. 12 V, 24 V, 48 V), battery type (lead-acid, lithium, etc.), and support proper charging / discharge protocols.
Output Stability / Wave Quality
Low total harmonic distortion (THD), stable voltage regulation under varying load — especially important for sensitive devices.
Physical / Environmental Specs
Operating temperature range, humidity tolerance, size/weight, ventilation/cooling, IP rating (protection against dust/water for some setups).
